Class 11 English (Unit 8) | Clean Water – Urdu Translation, Word Meanings & Synonyms (Paragraph 2)

In this video, we explore Paragraph 2 of Chapter 8: "Clean Water" from Class 11 English (1st Year) — focusing on English to Urdu translation, word-meanings, and synonyms. Perfect for Punjab Board students preparing for new syllabus exams. What you'll get: • Full Urdu translation of Paragraph 2 • Word-by-word meanings • Useful synonyms in both English and Urdu Stay tuned for upcoming videos covering Paragraphs 3–10. Don't forget to comment if you’d like us to add pronunciation, sentence usage, or quiz exercises! Like, Share & Subscribe for more Class 11 English lessons. 2. One of the most direct impacts of clean water is on human health. Contaminated water can harbor harmful bacteria, viruses, parasites, and chemicals that can cause waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery, and hepatitis. These diseases can have severe consequences, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children, pregnant women, and the elderly people. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 829,000 people die each year from diarrhea caused by contaminated drinking water, sanitation, and hand hygiene. Access to clean water significantly reduces the incidence of these diseases and contributes to longer, healthier lives. 3. In addition to drinking, clean water is essential for human survival, as it is necessary for drinking, cooking, and personal hygiene. However, around 2.2 billion people worldwide do not have access to safely managed drinking water services, and 4.2 billion people lack access to safely managed sanitation services. In the areas where water is scarce or contaminated, people are less likely to practise good hygiene, leading to higher rates of illness and disease. Children are particularly vulnerable to these diseases, and many die before their fifth birthday due to the lack of access to clean water and proper sanitation. Regular handwashing with clean water and soap can prevent the spread of infections and improve overall public health 4. The availability of clean water also has significant environmental and economic implications. Clean water is crucial for maintaining ecosystems. Rivers, lakes, and wetlands depend on clean water to support diverse wildlife and plant species. Pollution from industrial activities, agricultural runoff, and improper waste disposal can degrade and harm aquatic life, and disrupt delicate ecosystems, leading to declines in fish populations and loss of habitat of other species. Contamination from industrial activities, agricultural practices, and inadequate waste management further complicates the situation. Pollutants like heavy metals, chemicals, and pesticides can accumulate in water bodies and pose risks to human health and environment. 5. Clean water is vital for agricultural and food production. Inadequate access to clean water can hinder agricultural productivity and food security. Farmers rely on water for irrigation, livestock watering, and crop production. 6. Without access to clean water, farmers may struggle to grow crops and raise livestock, leading to food shortage and economic hardships. This can lead to food shortages and increased prices, affecting both local and global markets. Furthermore, the economic burden of treating waterborne diseases and managing water pollution can be substantial for governments and communities. Investing in clean water infrastructure not only improves public health but also fosters economic stability and growth. 7. Despite its importance, access to clean water is not universal. Many regions, particularly in developing countries, face challenges related to water scarcity and contamination. Factors such as population growth, climate change, and pollution exacerbate these issues. In the arid and semi-arid regions, water sources are often limited, making it difficult to meet the needs of the growing populations. Climate change can alter precipitation patterns, leading to droughts and reducing the availability of freshwater resources.