30 year upsc pyq analysis , fandamental rights , #upscpyq #prelim2026 #upsc #ias

The video, titled "30 year upsc pyq analysis, fundamental rights," provides a detailed analysis of previous year's UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) questions related to Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution. The presenter, Santosh Gawande, from UPSC INSIGHT, discusses various articles and their implications through these questions. Here's a breakdown of the key topics and articles discussed: Right to Privacy (Article 21) (0:45, 2:45, 13:35): This right is repeatedly emphasized as a fundamental right under Article 21, also encompassing the right to marry a person of one's choice (11:05). Discrimination and Equality (Articles 15, 16, 14, 17): Article 15 (0:59, 3:07, 26:20): Prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. Article 16 (1:07, 23:05, 26:07): Deals with equality of opportunity in public employment. Article 14 (7:04, 21:10, 25:31): Ensures equality before the law and equal protection of laws. Article 17 (9:53, 21:42, 26:42): Abolishes untouchability. Freedom of Speech and Expression (Article 19) (1:10, 3:14, 26:25): Guarantees various freedoms, including the freedom of speech and expression, which is also relevant to the discussion about not being forced to sing the national anthem (27:37). Reservation Policies (Article 16(4) and 335) (1:30): Discusses how reservation policies under Article 16(4) are limited by Article 335 to maintain administrative efficiency, noting that the constitution does not define "administrative efficiency." Judicial Custody and Police Interrogation (3:33): Explains that an accused in judicial custody is held by the court, not in a police station, and police need court approval for interrogation. Parole (State Subject) (4:40): Clarifies that parole is not an inherent right of a prisoner and that state governments have their own rules regarding prisoner release on parole, as "jail reform" is a state subject (6:11). Right to Property (Article 300A) (7:51, 19:34, 24:36, 25:16): Initially a fundamental right, it was converted into a legal right under Article 300A by the 44th Constitutional Amendment (20:45) by the Janata Party government (20:49), available to both citizens and foreigners. Right against Exploitation (Articles 23 and 24) (16:15): Prohibits human trafficking and forced labor (Article 23) and restricts the employment of children under 14 in factories or hazardous occupations (Article 24) (16:50, 22:56). Right to Education Act (RTE) (12:04): Discusses the eligibility criteria for teachers and the requirement to pass a teacher eligibility test. Right to Vote and to be Elected (Constitutional Right) (14:05): Explained as a constitutional right, not a fundamental or natural right, with references to Articles 326, 84, 173, and 324-329 (14:38). Human Rights under Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) (17:11): Confirms that the right to education, access to public services, and the right to food are recognized human rights under the UDHR. Minority Rights (Articles 29 and 30) (18:35, 23:28): Discusses special benefits for national minorities, including establishing and administering educational institutions (Article 30) and benefiting from government programs, but clarifies that there's no automatic nomination to the Lok Sabha. Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) (7:30, 9:36, 24:50): Referred to by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the "heart and soul of the Constitution," enabling citizens to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights. Rights of British Citizens in India (26:58): States that a British citizen residing in India cannot claim the right to freedom of trade and profession, but can claim equality before the law, protection of life and personal liberty, and freedom of religion.