GREECE: PRE-HOMERIC, HOMERIC AND ARCHAIC PERIODS | History Summary for Enem

📚 Free e-book with summaries of the most common topics in Humanities, Languages, and Writing: http://bit.ly/2XkPac8 The rich Greek cultural legacy left symbolic and lasting marks throughout the history of Western society. Therefore, it is very important to understand the history of Ancient Greece. In today's class, Professor Felipe explains three of the five periods into which this history is divided. Want to know what happened in the Pre-Homeric, Homeric, and Archaic periods? Click here! :) Check out our free course: https://goo.gl/2rebsa Written class on this content: https://goo.gl/RSZh59 Simulation of this content: https://goo.gl/GV77fv Video description: 00:00 to 00:17 - Teacher introduction and introduction to the content. 00:18 to 0:46 - Greece is part of Classical Antiquity, along with Roman civilization, because it still influences us in various ways today. Greece is the cradle of reference in a number of areas such as theater, philosophy, history, and the Olympics. When talking about Greek history, it's important to remember that it is divided into five periods: pre-Homeric, Homeric, archaic, classical, and Hellenistic. 0:47 to 1:09 - In the pre-Homeric period, we have the Greek settlement, with the Cretans dominating the Aegean Sea commercially, but later they would suffer from Indo-European invasions, until the Dorians' invasion, which devastated urban life in Greece. 1:10 to 1:50 - This is when Greece enters the second period, the Homeric, where we see the formation of the genos (rural communities led by a sort of patriarch and whose bond of belonging to the group is kinship). But after the Dorians settle in southern Greece (where they will later found Sparta), we experience a period of relative peace and demographic growth. The genos begin to go to war, and these wars lead to an increasingly complex formation of society, eventually leading to the formation of the Greek city-states. 1:51 to 3:39 - Greece organizes itself politically into city-states. The two main models are Sparta (militaristic and oligarchic) and Athens. Sparta has an agrarian economy under the control of a military class that exploits the peasantry. In society, we lack social mobility between classes, which are divided between Spartans (military), perioeci (small free peasants, merchants, and artisans), and helots (serfs). 3:40 to 5:31 - The most important aspect of Sparta is education, focused on military education. Women were educated for motherhood, while men (from the age of 7) were removed from the family circle and became property of the state, where soldier training was a priority. 5:32 to 6:22 - On the other side, further north, we have another city: Athens. Athens had a democratic and commercial system. When we talk about the Athenian economy, it is more dynamic, where commerce and crafts were more valued. This economic dynamism enabled social mobility. Now, it's important to understand that Athenian democracy did not include all citizens, as women, foreigners (metics), and slaves (wrought by war or debt) did not have political rights. 6:23 to 9:50 - The most important aspect of Athens is politics. Athens emerged as an oligarchic city and gradually transformed into a democracy. The first written code of laws was created in Athens, democratizing at least the knowledge of the law. The Popular Assembly (Ecclesia) was also created in Athens. The Ecclesia reached 43,000 written members, and these members increasingly belonged to and participated in politics, which until then had used census criteria for membership. Cleisthenes then abolished census criteria and created a popular democracy, in which all Athenian men over 20 years of age (i.e., only 15% of the population) could participate. 9:51 to 10:20 - Content completion and teacher's finalization. DID YOU LIKE THE VIDEO? // Subscribe to the channel // Give it a thumbs up // Leave your comment // Share with friends SOCIAL MEDIA // FACEBOOK /cursoenemgratuito/ // INSTAGRAM @cursoenemgratuito // TWITTER @enemgratuito Intro music: "Summer" - Royalty-Free Music from Bensound Curso Enem Gratuito is an independent channel that disseminates content to support learning and information about programs and opportunities for accessing higher education.