LIFE CYCLE OF BACTERIOPHAGE , The LYTIC LIFE CYCLE Lec # 10

#The lytic life cycle of a bacteriophage (phage) involves the infection of a bacterial cell, replication of the phage genome, and eventual lysis (bursting) of the host cell to release new phage particles. Here's a step-by-step overview: Lytic Life Cycle 1. Attachment: The phage attaches to the surface of a bacterial cell using specific receptors. 2. Penetration: The phage injects its genetic material (DNA or RNA) into the bacterial cell. 3. Replication: The phage genome is replicated using the host cell's machinery. 4. Transcription and Translation: Phage genes are transcribed and translated, producing proteins necessary for phage assembly and replication. 5. Assembly: New phage particles are assembled using the replicated genome and phage proteins. 6. Lysis: The host cell is lysed (burst) by phage-encoded enzymes, releasing new phage particles. Characteristics of Lytic Cycle Virulent phages: Phages that undergo a lytic cycle are often virulent, meaning they cause lysis of the host cell. Rapid replication: The lytic cycle allows for rapid replication of phages, enabling them to quickly infect and lyse bacterial populations. Importance Phage therapy: Understanding the lytic cycle is crucial for developing phage-based therapies to combat bacterial infections. Molecular biology: The study of phages and their life cycles has contributed significantly to our understanding of molecular biology and genetics. The lytic life cycle is a key aspect of phage biology, and understanding it can provide insights into the complex interactions between phages and their bacterial hosts. #science