حروف ص/ض/ط/ظ المفردة

شرح مفصّل لكيفية كتابة حرف الصاد والضاد وحرف الطاء والظاء المفرد بالخط الكوفي المصحفي بقلم ٦ ملم وعلى أسلوب الخطاط الإيراني الأستاذ وحيد جزائري . How to write the letter 'sād' & 'dād' : The almost rectilinear form of this letter in Primary contrasts strongly with its curvilinear form in contemporary Arabic seripts, such as Naskhi. In fact, the letter sād is along letter: one that can be extended horizontally in accordance with the calligrapher's sense of appropriateness. Note that the curved parts of the first stroke are slightly thickened. The isolated form of the letter is made from three separate strokes. Begin the First stroke at the second point above the baseline, with the qalam in the normal position. Scoop the line slightly downwards while rolling the qalam a little to- ards the shallow-tip position. Continue the stroke to the right as far as seems good to you. Stop, and without lifting the qalam from the page, roll it on the spot oto the medium shallow-tip position, then make a short wide downward curve 10 meet the baseline. While making this downward curve, widen it by rolling the aalam so that it arrives at the baseline in the full shallow-tip position. Slide the anlam sideways to the left to make a short horizontal mark. The second stroke will be narrower than the first. For this stroke, lift the qalam from the page and noll it back towards the medium shallow-tip position. Set it back on the page at the end of the previous stroke and push it leftwards exactly on the baseline until it approaches the starting point of the first stroke. Note the slender gap between the two horizontal strokes. As we have said, maintaining the accuracy and clarity of this gap is a mark of the calligrapher's skill. The third stroke forms a cup at the end of the letter. It is quite a complex set of movements and will need practice. For this stroke, lift the qalam from the page and return it to the full normal position to ensure that you begin with a nicely curved top. Now set it just above the starting point of the first stroke and make a gentle downward curve to the right until it has covered the ends of both previ ous strokes. Continue the stroke vertically with the qalam in the normal position Just before the end, start rolling the qalam into the full shallow-tip position to create a clean angle for the corner. Without lifting the qalam from the page rotate it back to the normal position and push it to the left to complete the cup with a nicely curved tip. The initial and medial forms for the letter lack the cup-tail almost entirely. There is only enough of it to close the loop formed by the first and second strokes and to join the letter as closely as possible to its successor. When using a normal pen, the letter is formed as with a qalam except that the first two strokes can be made in a single movement. The pen will still need to be lifted for the final stroke that makes the cup. Related letter is dād. . How to write the letter 'țā' & 'zā' : The letter țā' is one of those whose rectilinear form will be unfamiliar to those accustomed to contemporary Arabic scripts, such as Naskhi. It is one of the long letters, and uses the skills developed for the letters şãd and especially kāf and dāl. It is made with three strokes, although the advanced calligrapher can reduce this to two. Visually, it is very like the isolated form of the letter käf, and can only be told apart from it by the fact that its stem passes all the way to the baseline so that the extended horizontal body is closed at both ends, so be sure to make this difference very clear as you write and to look for it as you read. To make the isolated and final forms of the letter, set the qalam down in the normal position five points above the baseline (it will therefore be as tall as the letter alif). Make the first stroke by drawing the qalam vertically all the way to the baseline. For the second stroke, set the qalam down on the stem in the normal position two points above the baseline. Bring the qalam downwards half a point while making a curve to the right. Without raising the qalam, extend the stroke seven to ten points to the right, or more. When the stroke is as long as seems good, rotate the qalam into the full shallow-tip position and make a downward Slope to the baseline. Then slide the galam a little way to the left to make a clean angle for the letter. For the third stroke, raise the qalam and set it down in a shal- low-to-normal position at the end of the stroke just made. Push the qalam all the way back to the stem, continue through the stem and stop after about half a point. End the stroke with an elegantly curved tip that aligns with the angle of the stem. The initial form of the letter is exactly like the isolated form, except that the tip of the final stroke becomes a connector to the subsequent letter, as in the word The medial form of the letter is exactly like the initial form except that the letter abuts its predecessor as closely as poss.