Class 11th NCERT, Ch 12 Kinetic Theory, Law of Equipartition of Energy & Internal Energy(Ideal Gas)

Class 11th NCERT Ch 12 Kinetic Theory Law of Equipartition of Energy : - The Law of Equipartition of Energy states that in a system at thermal equilibrium, the total energy is shared equally among all its available "degrees of freedom," with each degree of freedom (like translational motion in x, y, or z, or rotation) getting an average of (1/2 kT) of energy, where (k) is the Boltzmann constant and (T) is the absolute temperature. This fundamental principle of statistical mechanics links microscopic molecular motion to macroscopic properties, explaining how gases heat up and why specific heats vary with molecular structure.