Chromophobe Renal Cell Cancers ; Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Morphology

Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma (ChRCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for about 5% of kidney cancers. Here are some key points: Characteristics Appearance: The cancer cells appear pale and granular under a microscope, with prominent cell borders and a finely reticular cytoplasm. Nuclear Features: The nuclei are wrinkled and irregular, often described as "raisinoid," and may have perinuclear halos (koilocytic). Cell of Origin: ChRCC is believed to originate from the intercalated cells of the distal convoluted tubules. Symptoms Asymptomatic: Often discovered incidentally during imaging for other reasons. Symptoms: When present, symptoms may include pain in the lower back (flank pain), blood in the urine, and in advanced cases, bone pain, weight loss, fever, cough, and swelling of the legs. Causes Genetic Factors: Chromophobe RCC is associated with genetic mutations, including those in the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Environmental Factors: The exact causes are still being studied, but both genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. Prognosis Better Prognosis: Compared to other types of RCC, ChRCC generally has a better prognosis. It is often diagnosed at an earlier stage and tends to be less aggressive1. Treatment Surgery: The primary treatment is surgical removal of the tumor. Monitoring: Regular follow-up to monitor for recurrence or metastasis. #ChromophobeRenalCellCancer