Yiddish and Scottish English, casually spoken | Harold speaking Yiddish | Wikitongues

Yiddish, a Jewish diaspora language that emerged from Hebrew, Germanic, and Slavic varieties, has been spoken in Scotland since the 18th century, in some cases forming vernacular creolizations with Scots. Explore: wikitongues.org/languages Contribute: wikitongues.org/submit-a-video More from Wikipedia: "Scots-Yiddish is the name given to a Jewish hybrid vernacular between Lowland Scots and Yiddish, which had a brief currency in the Lowlands in the first half of the 20th century. The Scottish literary historian David Daiches describes it in his autobiographical account of his Edinburgh Jewish childhood, 'Two Worlds'. The Glaswegian Jewish poet A. C. Jacobs also refers to his language as Scots-Yiddish. There was even a case of a Jewish immigrant who settled in the Highlands who spoke no English and was only able to speak Gaelic and Yiddish. Yiddish (ייִדיש, יידיש or אידיש, yidish or idish, pronounced [ˈ(j)ɪdɪʃ], lit. 'Jewish'; in older sources ייִדיש-טײַטש, Yidish-Taytsh, lit. ' Judaeo-German') is a High German-derived language historically spoken by the Ashkenazi Jews. It originated during the 9th century in Central Europe, providing the nascent Ashkenazi community with a High German-based vernacular fused with elements taken from Hebrew and Aramaic, as well as Slavic languages and traces of Romance languages. Yiddish writing uses the Hebrew alphabet. As of the 1990s, there were around 1.5–2 million speakers of Yiddish, mostly Hasidic and Haredi Jews. The earliest surviving references date from the 12th century and call the language לשון־אַשכּנז‎ (loshn-ashknaz, 'language of Ashkenaz') or טײַטש‎ (taytsh), a variant of tiutsch, the contemporary name for Middle High German. Colloquially, the language is sometimes called מאַמע־לשון‎ (mame-loshn, lit. 'mother tongue'), distinguishing it from לשון־קודש‎ (loshn koydesh, 'holy tongue'), meaning Hebrew and Aramaic. The term 'Yiddish', short for Yidish Taitsh ('Jewish German'), did not become the most frequently used designation in literature until the 18th century. In the late 19th and into the 20th century, the language was more commonly called 'Jewish', especially in non-Jewish contexts, but 'Yiddish' is again the more common designation today. Modern Yiddish has two major forms. Eastern Yiddish is far more common today. It includes Southeastern (Ukrainian–Romanian), Mideastern (Polish–Galician–Eastern Hungarian), and Northeastern (Lithuanian–Belarusian) dialects. Eastern Yiddish differs from Western both by its far greater size and by the extensive inclusion of words of Slavic origin. Western Yiddish is divided into Southwestern (Swiss–Alsatian–Southern German), Midwestern (Central German), and Northwestern (Netherlandic–Northern German) dialects. Yiddish is used in a number of Haredi Jewish communities worldwide; it is the first language of the home, school, and in many social settings among many Haredi Jews, and is used in most Hasidic yeshivas. The term 'Yiddish' is also used in the adjectival sense, synonymously with 'Jewish', to designate attributes of Yiddishkeit ('Ashkenazi culture'; for example, Yiddish cooking and 'Yiddish music' – klezmer).Prior to the Holocaust, there were 11–13 million speakers of Yiddish among 17 million Jews worldwide. 85% of the approximately 6 million Jews who died in the Holocaust were Yiddish speakers, leading to a massive decline in the use of the language. Assimilation following World War II and aliyah, immigration to Israel, further decreased the use of Yiddish both among survivors and among Yiddish-speakers from other countries (such as in the Americas). However, the number of Yiddish-speakers is increasing in Hasidic communities." This video was self-recorded by Harold in Glasgow, Scotland and facilitated by Avi Kumar. This video is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. To download a copy, please contact [email protected].