Retention of urine l Treatment of urinary blockage l Dr Umar Khan

Urinary Obstruction in Male Buffalo Calves The most common and serious problem in buffalo calves is urinary obstruction. 1. Main Causes of Urinary Obstruction • Overfeeding of grain/high concentrates • Magnesium and phosphorus imbalance • Insufficient water intake • Formation of calcium-phosphate crystals (Uroliths) in the urinary tract • Comparatively narrow urethra in male calves 2. How is it diagnosed? (Symptoms) • No urine output despite repeated attempts to urinate • Abdominal heaviness and pain, frequent tail lifting • Slow urine drips • Painful hindquarters walking • Risk of bladder rupture if the bladder is blocked for extended periods 3. Treatment • Immediate attempt by a veterinarian to insert a catheter • Urethrotomy or Tube Cystotomy surgery (if the stone is stuck or the catheter won't go in) • Painkillers and antibiotics • IV fluids to dissolve the stone and flush the urine • Diet control – reduce feed intake and provide plenty of water 4. Prevention • Limit feed intake • Keep clean water available at all times • Maintain a balance of Mg, Ca, and P in the mineral mixture • Increase the amount of green fodder