Movement of Fluids in the Body: Isotonic, Hypotonic and Hypertonic Solutions Part 1

The human body contains fluid in different compartments, mainly intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF). The movement of fluid between these compartments depends on the tonicity of solutions. Isotonic solutions have the same concentration as body fluids and do not cause fluid shift between compartments. Hypotonic solutions have lower concentration and cause water to move into the cells, leading to cell swelling. Hypertonic solutions have higher concentration and draw water out of the cells, causing cell shrinkage. Understanding these solutions is essential in nursing practice for IV fluid administration, fluid balance, and patient care.