Ch16: The Non-Cooperation & Khilafat Movement (1920-22)|Spectrum History|Analysis with PYQ for #UPSC

Welcome to Simplified UPSC by पठति पठत: पठन्ति! In this video, we delve into two pivotal movements that fundamentally changed the course of India's freedom struggle: the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Khilafat Movement. Using Spectrum's Modern Indian History, Chapter 16, as our guide, we will analyze the causes, strategies, and impact of this crucial period. This comprehensive analysis will cover: The Backdrop of Discontent: We'll examine the immediate triggers for these movements, including the economic hardship after World War I, the disappointment with the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, and the repressive Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. The Khilafat Issue: We'll explore the origins of the Khilafat cause, its connection to the Treaty of Sèvres, and how it ignited Muslim anger against the British. We'll discuss Gandhi's strategic decision to link it with the national movement to forge an unprecedented Hindu-Muslim unity. The Non-Cooperation Programme: We'll break down the two-pronged strategy of the movement, which included both a negative programme (boycott of foreign goods, government schools, and courts) and a positive programme (promotion of Khadi, establishment of national schools, and Hindu-Muslim unity). The Social Base and Spread of the Movement: We'll analyze how the movement became the first true mass struggle, drawing in a wide range of participants from different regions and social classes, including students, lawyers, peasants, and women. We'll also touch upon regional peasant and tribal movements that were a part of this larger wave of protest. The Chauri Chaura Incident and Withdrawal of the Movement: We will examine the event that led to the abrupt withdrawal of the movement. We'll discuss the controversy surrounding this decision and its long-term significance for the national struggle. Evaluation and Significance: Finally, we will critically evaluate the legacy of these movements, highlighting their successes in building a mass base and instilling confidence in the people, while also considering their strategic and communal limitations. Timestamps 00:00:00 - Introduction: Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Movements 00:01:00 - The Factors Leading to the Mass Movements 00:02:26 - The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and its Aftermath 00:03:22 - The Khilafat Issue and Treaty of Sèvres 00:05:00 - The Merger of Khilafat and Non-Cooperation 00:06:13 - The Nagpur Session (1920) and Transformation of Congress 00:08:44 - The Programme of the Non-Cooperation Movement 00:10:17 - The Success of the Boycott and Constructive Programme 00:11:40 - The Spread and Social Base of the Movement 00:15:20 - The Chauri Chaura Incident and Withdrawal (1922) 00:17:48 - Evaluation and Long-Term Significance Hashtags #UPSC #UPSC_IAS #CivilServices #UPSC2024 #UPSC2025 #UPSC2026 #UPSC2027 #IASExam #GS1 #MainsExam #PrelimsExam #SSC #GovtExams #CompetitiveExams #BPSC #BiharPSC #MPPSC #UPPSC #UPPCS #RAS #StatePSC #PCSExam #GeneralStudies #UPSC_Hindi #IAS_Hindi #HindiMedium #UPSC_Syllabus #UPSC_Current_Affairs #UPSC_Prelims_Strategy #UPSC_Mains_Strategy #Daily_Current_Affairs #UPSC_Journey #Spectrum #ModernIndianHistory #HistoryForUPSC #HistoryNotes #MahatmaGandhi #GandhianEra #NonCooperationMovement #KhilafatMovement #ChauriChaura #JallianwalaBagh #RowlattAct #NagpurSession #IndianHistory #DeshBhakti #Rashtravad #आधुनिक_भारत #गांधी_युग #गांधी_जी #असहयोग_आंदोलन #खिलाफत_आंदोलन #चौरी_चौरा_कांड #जलियाँवाला_बाग #भारतीय_इतिहास