INDIAN POLITY | M LAXMIKANTH | CHAPTER 11 | Amendment of the Constitution

Indian Polity | M Laxmikanth | Chapter 11: Amendment of the Constitution | UPSC GS Paper 2 • Comprehensive lecture on Chapter 11 of M Laxmikanth covering Article 368 and Part XX. • Analysis of how the Indian Constitution synthesizes flexibility and rigidity for changing needs. • Step-by-step explanation of the procedure to initiate and pass an amendment bill in Parliament. • Clarification on the role of the President and the 24th Amendment Act of 1971. • Detailed breakdown of the three methods of amendment: Simple Majority, Special Majority, and Special Majority with State Ratification. • Identification of specific provisions amended by each method, such as citizenship, Fundamental Rights, and the Seventh Schedule. • Understanding the limitations on Parliament’s power through the Basic Structure doctrine and the Kesavananda Bharati case. • Critical evaluation of the amendment process, including the absence of joint sittings and state-led initiation. • Key insights and quotes from Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Jawaharlal Nehru, and K.C. Wheare regarding constitutional permanence. #UPSC #IndianPolity #Laxmikanth #Article368 #ConstitutionOfIndia #UPSCPrelims #UPSCMAINS #CivilServices #AmendmentProcedure