Endo: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia: Free MSRA Podcast | Pass the MSRA: Free Podcasts

🎧 Podcast Episode: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia – MSRA Deep DiveWelcome to another high-yield episode of The Deep Dive, where today we unpack one of endocrinology’s most genetically complex topics: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN). 🧬💥 Whether you're prepping for the MSRA exam or looking to master rare endocrine syndromes, this episode provides a structured, memorable breakdown of the MEN types, features, investigations, and management — with mnemonics and clarity throughout. 📚 What You’ll Learn in This Episode: • 📖 Definition: MEN is a group of rare autosomal dominant genetic syndromes that cause tumours in multiple hormone-producing glands• 🧬 Genetics: MEN1 = MEN1 gene, chromosome 11 MEN2A/2B = RET proto-oncogene, chromosome 10 MEN4 = CDKN1B gene• 🧠 Pathophysiology:Mutations cause unchecked cell growth → hormone-secreting tumors in parathyroid, pancreas, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and more 🔢 Types of MEN and Mnemonics: 🧩 MEN1 – “3 Ps” Parathyroid (hyperparathyroidism – most common) Pancreatic/Gastro tumors (e.g. gastrinoma, insulinoma) Pituitary tumors (e.g. prolactinoma, acromegaly) Skin clues: angiofibromas, lipomas, collagenomas 🧬 MEN2A – “2 Ps + MTC” Parathyroid (hyperparathyroidism) Pheochromocytoma Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) – early and common 🧬 MEN2B – “1 P + MTC + Physical Features” Pheochromocytoma MTC – aggressive and earlier onset Marfanoid habitus Mucosal neuromas (e.g. lips, tongue) GI neuromas and delayed puberty also possible 🧪 MEN4 – Very rare, overlaps with MEN1 but caused by CDKN1B mutations 🩺 Clinical Features: • Hormonal syndromes: Hypercalcemia from parathyroid tumors Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinomas) Hypoglycemia (insulinomas) Acromegaly, amenorrhea, Cushing’s (pituitary tumors)• MTC: neck lump, flushing, diarrhoea, itch• Pheochromocytoma: episodic hypertension, sweating, tachycardia• Distinct physical signs in MEN2B: tall stature, mucosal neuromas 🧪 Investigations: • Genetic testing is key MEN1 gene testing RET proto-oncogene testing (MEN2)• Hormone markers: Calcium, PTH, gastrin, prolactin, insulin Catecholamines/VMA (pheochromocytoma) Calcitonin & CEA (for MTC)• Imaging: CT, MRI, US, MIBG scan as appropriate• Skin signs: helpful early clues in MEN1 ⚕️ Management Overview: • 🧬 Multidisciplinary: endocrinology, surgery, genetics• Surgical treatment: Parathyroidectomy, thyroidectomy, adrenalectomy Prophylactic thyroidectomy for RET mutations (MEN2)• Medical therapy: PPI for gastrinomas Diazoxide for insulinomas Hormone replacement as needed• Lifelong surveillance: Annual screening from age 10+ for at-risk individuals Monitor calcitonin, CEA, calcium, PTH, catecholamines 🚨 Complications & Prognosis: • Tumor-related: MTC metastases, severe hypercalcemia, insulinoma-induced hypoglycemia• Surgical: nerve damage, hypoparathyroidism • MEN1: higher risk of malignant pancreatic tumors • MEN2B: often poorer prognosis due to early aggressive MTC• Early diagnosis + regular monitoring improves survival and quality of life 🧠 High-Yield Mnemonics Recap: • MEN1 – “3 Ps” = Parathyroid, Pancreas, Pituitary • MEN2A – “2 Ps + MTC” • MEN2B – “1 P + MTC + Physical Features” 📚 MSRA Learning Resources: 🗂️ Revision Notes https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple...) 🧠 Flashcards https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple...) ❓ Accordion Q&A https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple...) 🔥 Rapid Quiz https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/multiple...) 🎯 Final Takeaway: MEN syndromes are rare but crucial to know – especially if you encounter unusual endocrine tumors or strong family history. Early screening, genetic testing, and multidisciplinary care save lives. 🔍🧬 #MSRA #Endocrinology #MENsyndromes #MEN1 #MEN2A #MEN2B #RETgene #MSRARevision #MSRAFlashcards #MedicalPodcast #GeneticDisorders #MultipleEndocrineNeoplasia Episode link: https://play.headliner.app/episode/2720338...