Estrogen and Progesterone Functions | Introduction

Sex hormones inside a human body play a major role in determining the fertility of any individual. In fact, the function of estrogen and progesterone ovarian hormones comprises the whole Reproductive system of the females. In this endocrine lecture, we will talk specifically about Female Reproductive system, two major sex hormones or ovarian hormones, namely: Estrogen and Progestins. ▬ 📌 Estrogen vs Progesterone If we want to establish differences that define estrogen vs progesterone or progesterone vs estrogen we first must say that both of the hormones produce together and work in harmony to maintain a Female Reproductive system. Where are estrogen and progesterone produced? 🟣 Estrogen is produced by Growing Grafian Follicle while progesterone is produced by Corpus Luteum. 🟣 Follicle Stimulating Hormones largely controls secretion of estrogen while in case of progesterone, it is controlled by Luteinizing Hormones. 🟣 Estrogen is secreted prior to Ovulation while Progesterone is secreted after Ovulation. Progesterone estrogen combination will comprise the whole Ovarian Cycle and Fertility of a Woman. Out of these two, hormones estrogen and progesterone are of great importance. First, we need to know what estrogen and progesterone are anyway? so we answered your question right away! ▬ 📌 What are Estrogens? Estrogens are the hormones that mainly promote proliferation and growth of specific cells in the body that are responsible for the development of most secondary sexual characteristics of the female. ▬ 📌 What are Progestins? Progestins or specifically, progesterone function mainly to prepare the uterus for pregnancy and the breasts for lactation. ▬ 📌 Chemistry of estrogens The nucleus is basically a steroidal structure and changes on the integral positions may form several types of estrogens. Out of them, 3 of them are majorly secreted and dominate in their functions. These hormones are: ✔️ β- Estradiol ✔️ Estrone ✔️ Estriol Out of these three β- Estradiol is the most potent hormone. Mode of action of estrogen is basically dependent on estradiol and mechanism of action of estradiol is to act on the estrogen receptor and relieve vasomotor systems such as hot flashes. ▬ 📌 Chemistry of Progestins Basic nucleus of progestins is a steroid as well and the two of the hormones that overpower the others are as follow: 🔵 Progesterone 🔵 17-α- Hydroxyprogesterone Progesterone is mostly found inside the female reproductive system. ▬ 📌 What secretes estrogen and progesterone? When we talk about what produces estrogen and progesterone then you will come to know that estrogen, progesterone, both are synthesized in the ovary. ▬ 📌 Where are estrogen and progesterone produced? Well they are produced from the cholesterol present inside the blood and to some extent from acetyl coenzyme A. But, basic secretion occurs in the Ovaries. ▬ 📌 Functions of Estrogens Following functions of Estrogens are highlighted here: ✔️ Effects on Uterus: Development and proliferation of endometrial stroma ✔️ Effects on Fallopian tube: Increase activity of cilia to facilitate movement of fertilized ovum ✔️ Effects on Breasts: Growth and development by acting on stromal cells ✔️ Effects on Skeleton: Inhibit Osteoclastic activity to enhance bone growth ✔️ Effects on Electrolyte Balance: Cause sodium and water retention ▬ 📌 Functions of Progesterone Major functions of Progesterone are: 🟡 Effect on Uterus: Preparing for ovum implantation 🟡 Effect on Fallopian Tubes: Increase secretion for mucosal lining 🟡 Effect on Breasts: Promotes development of lobules and alveoli Estrogen and progesterone function are illustrated in this video! ▬ 🎬 5500+ sqadia.com Medical Videos ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 👩🏻‍⚕️ Accessible Medical Student Education 24/7/365 💡 Simplifying Medical Learning 💪 Study Hard, Dream Big, Achieve More