Rapid and equitable access to health products like vaccines is essential to mitigate the health and economic consequences of future pandemic risks. In April 2020, Gavi, the World Health Organization, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, and other partners launched COVAX—the vaccine pillar of the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A)—to speed up the development, production, and equitable global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines. A new independent evaluation, commissioned by Gavi, and conducted by Itad in partnership with 3ie, examines Gavi’s role in administering the COVAX Facility and COVAX Advance Market Commitment. The report documents successes and challenges across the design, conceptualization, and early operationalization phases to inform Gavi and other partners’ approaches in preparing for, and responding to, future health emergencies. Join the Center for Global Development for a virtual panel discussion reflecting on lessons learned from COVAX for future global and regional response efforts to ensure rapid and equitable access to vaccines and other medical countermeasures.