Chlorpromazine: The First Antipsychotic and a Pillar of Psychopharmacology Chlorpromazine is not just a drug; it is a landmark in medical history. It was the first typical (first-generation) antipsychotic medication discovered and is considered the prototype for all subsequent antipsychotic drugs. Its introduction in the 1950s revolutionized psychiatry, effectively emptying out psychiatric hospitals and offering a genuine medical treatment for severe mental illness for the first time.