The transition from “real calculus” to “complex calculus” starts with a discussion of complex numbers and their geometric representation in the complex plane. We then progress to analytic functions in Sec. 13.3. We desire functions to be analytic because these are the “useful functions” in the sense that they are differentiable in some domain and operations of complex analysis can be applied to them. The most important equations are therefore the Cauchy–Riemann equations in Sec. 13.4 because they allow a test of analyticity of such functions. Moreover, we show how the Cauchy–Riemann equations are related to the important Laplace equation. ~-~~-~~~-~~-~ Please watch: "Exercise 4.1 Question 19 and 20" • Exercise 4.1 Question 19 and 20 ~-~~-~~~-~~-~ educationforall430