Carbon and Carbon Compounds | CO | CO2 | Carbonate salts

IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF CACBON I. Carbon monoxide - CO 1. Molecular structure and physical properties of carbon monoxide - CO The structure of CO is C≡O (in which there is a link of the give - receive type). CO is a gas, colorless, odorless, tasteless, very slightly soluble in water and very heat resistant. CO is a toxic gas because it combines with hemoglobin in the blood to form a stable compound that makes hemoglobin ineffective in transporting O2 gas. 2. Chemical properties of the carbon monoxide - CO The CO molecule has a stable triple bond, so it is very inert at normal temperature, and only works in high temperature conditions. CO is a neutral oxide that is not able to create salt → it does not react with basic solutions and acid solutions at room temperature. CO is a strong reducing agent. Effects with non-metals: 2CO + O2 → 2CO2 (7000C) CO + Cl2 → COCl2 (photgen) CO reduces the oxide of the metals behind Al in the metal's chemical action (reaction occurs at high temperatures). 3CO + Fe2O3 → 3CO2 + 2Fe CO + CuO → CO2 + Cu 3. Modulation In industry: C + H2O ↔ CO + H2 (10500C) CO2 + C → 2CO (t0) In the laboratory: HCOOH → CO + H2O (concentrated H2SO4, t0) 4. Get to know 5CO + I2O5 → 5CO2 + I2 III. Carbon dioxide - CO2 1. Molecular structure and physical properties The structure of CO2 is O = C = O. Colorless gas, slightly sour taste. Slightly soluble in water. CO2, when suddenly cooled, is a major component of dry ice. Dry ice that does not melt but sublimates should be used as a cold and dry environment, very convenient for food preservation. 2. Chemical properties a. CO2 is the acid oxide CO2 dissolved in water forms carbonic acid (a very weak dioxin): CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 CO2 reacts with basic oxides → salt: CaO + CO2 → CaCO3 (t0) CO2 reacts with basic solution → salt + (H2O) NaOH + CO2 → NaHCO3 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O The reaction of CO2 with alkaline solution to create salt depends on the molar ratio of the two substances involved in the reaction. b. Durable CO2 at high temperature is partially pyrolysis and can be effective with strong reducing agents 2CO2 ↔ 2CO + O2 (t0) CO2 + 2Mg → 2MgO + C CO2 + C → 2CO c. CO2 is also used to make urea CO2 + 2NH3 → NH4O - CO - NH2 (ammonium carbamate) NH4O - CO - NH2 → H2O + (NH2) 2CO (1800C; 200at) 3. Modulation Respiratory process of humans and animals: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O Alcohol fermentation process: C6H12O6 → 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH The process of burning fuel: CxHy + (x + y / 4) O2 → xCO2 + y / 2H2O In industry: C + O2 → CO2 (completely burning coke in the air) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 (10000C) In the laboratory: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O 3. Get to know Create a white precipitate with a clear residual lime solution. CO2 + Ca (OH) 2 → CaCO3 + H2O V. Salt carbonate. Is the salt of carbonic acid (including salts CO32- and HCO3-). 1. Solubility Neutral carbonate salts of alkali metals (except Li2CO3), ammonia and hydrocarbonates easily soluble in water (except slightly soluble NaHCO3). Neutral carbonate salts of other metals are insoluble or slightly soluble in water. 2. Chemical properties Hydrolysis: Carbonate salts of alkali metals are strongly hydrolyzed to create an alkaline environment: Na2CO3 → 2Na + + CO32- CO32- + H2O ↔ HCO3- + OH‑ → in some metabolic reactions Na2CO3 acts as a base: 2AlCl3 + 3Na2CO3 + 3H2O → 2Al (OH) 3 + 6NaCl + 3CO2 Note: Salt (NH4) 2CO3 has a neutral environment. Pyrolysis: Soluble carbonate salts are not pyrolysis (except ammonium salt), insoluble carbonate salt is pyrolysis: MgCO3 → MgO + CO2 (t0) All hydrocarbonates are pyrolysis: 2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca (HCO3) 2 → CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 General chemical properties of salt: Effects with acids → new salt + CO2 + H2O NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2 Attention: If H + is added to dissolved salt, CO32- → HCO3- → H2O + CO2. If H + is added to insoluble salt, CO32- → CO2 + H2O. Effects with basic solution → new salt + new base NaHCO3 + NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O Effects with salt → 2 new salts Na2CO3 + CaCl2 → CaCO3 + 2NaCl Effects with metal in front of salt creating metal → new salt + new metal Cu (HCO3) 2 + Mg → Mg (HCO3) 2 + Cu 3. Get to know Works with acids → CO2 CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O ============================ Watch Clip Remember Like And Subscribe To Ringtone Ringing Channel To Receive New Videos Of Miss Nguyễn Phúc Hậu EDU Nhé !!! ☆ REGISTER / SUBSCRIBE: http://bit.ly/haunguyenedu ☆ OFFICIAL FACEBOOK:   / hau.nguyen.9655   ============================ © Copyright by Nguyễn Phúc Hậu EDU © Copyright by Nguyễn Phúc Hậu EDU ☞ Do not Reup.