Proximal humerus Fracture Dislocation

A proximal humerus fracture-dislocation is a serious injury involving both a break in the upper part of the humerus (the upper arm bone) and a dislocation of the shoulder joint. This type of injury is more complex than a simple fracture or dislocation alone, and it can significantly impact the shoulder's function. Types and Features: Anterior Dislocation: The most common type, where the head of the humerus is displaced forward. Posterior Dislocation: Less common, involving backward displacement of the humeral head. Intra-articular Fractures: Fractures that extend into the shoulder joint, potentially causing more complications. Causes: High-impact trauma, such as in car accidents or falls. Sports injuries. Falls in older adults, especially those with osteoporosis. Symptoms: Severe pain in the shoulder. Inability to move the shoulder. Swelling and bruising. Visible deformity if the dislocation is severe. Diagnosis: Diagnosis typically involves physical examination and imaging studies, such as X-rays or CT scans, to determine the extent of the injury and the position of the bone fragments. Treatment: Treatment of a proximal humerus fracture-dislocation can be complex and usually depends on the specifics of the fracture and dislocation, the age and activity level of the patient, and the presence of any associated injuries. Non-operative treatment: May include immobilization with a sling, followed by physical therapy. This is more common in non-displaced or minimally displaced fractures. Surgical treatment: Often necessary for displaced fractures or severe dislocations. Techniques can include open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates and screws, intramedullary nailing, or even shoulder replacement in older patients with severe fractures.