👇🏻check DESCRIPTION morphology in flowering plants 🌷#Class11Biology#chapter5

🌿 Class 11 Biology – Morphology of Flowering Plants 1️⃣ Introduction Morphology = study of external structures of plants 🌱 Focus on roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds Helps in identifying and classifying plants 🧩 2️⃣ Root 🌱 Definition: The part of the plant that grows below ground, anchors the plant, absorbs water & minerals 💧 Functions:✨ : Anchorage – holds the plant in soil 🪢 : Absorption – absorbs water & minerals 💧 : Storage – stores food like starch 🥔 : Vegetative propagation – new plants can grow from roots 🌱 Types of Roots: Taproot Carrot 🥕 Main root with small branches 🌿 Fibrous Grass 🌾 Many small roots, no main root 🍃 Special Roots: : Aerial roots – grow in air, help in support (Banyan 🌳) : Prop roots – support tall plants (Maize 🌽) : Storage roots – store food (Beetroot 🥔) 📌 Diagram idea: Carrot with branching roots 🌿 3️⃣ Stem 🌿 Definition: Part of the plant above ground, bears leaves, flowers, and buds Functions: Support for leaves & flowers 🌳 Transport of water & food 💧🍯 Storage of food 🥔 Vegetative propagation 🌱 Types of Stem: : Herbaceous – soft, green, usually annual 🌿 : Woody – hard, perennial, forms wood 🌳 Modified Stems: Type : Rhizome Ginger Underground storage 🌱 🥕 : Tuber Potato Stores food 🥔 🥔 : Runner Grass Horizontal growth 🌾 🍃 : Thorn Citrus Protection 🌵 🍊 📌 Diagram idea: Stem with leaf and modifications labeled 🌿 4️⃣ Leaf 🍃 Definition: Green lateral appendage of stem Functions: : Photosynthesis – makes food using sunlight 🌞. : Transpiration – water loss 💧 : Gas exchange – oxygen & CO₂ 🌬️ ✨Parts of a Leaf: : Lamina – flat part of leaf 🍃 : Midrib – main vein in the middle : Petiole – stalk connecting leaf to stem. Types of Leaves:🌿 : Mango 🥭 One leaf blade 🍃 Compound : Rose 🌹 Blade divided into leaflets 🌸 Venation (Vein patterns): Parallel – veins parallel (Monocots 🌾) Reticulate – net-like veins (Dicots 🌳) 📌 Diagram idea: Leaf with lamina, midrib, petiole labeled 🌿 5️⃣ Inflorescence 🌸 Definition: Arrangement of flowers on the stem Types: Racemose – main axis grows, flowers on sides 🌼 Cymose – main axis stops, terminal flower blooms first 🌸 📌 Diagram idea: Branch showing racemose & cymose flowers 🌸 6️⃣ Flower 🌹 Definition: Reproductive part of plant Parts of Flower: Calyx – green leaf-like structure, protects flower bud 🌿 (Sepals) Corolla – colorful petals 🌸 attract insects Androecium – male part (Stamens ♂️) Anther – produces pollen Filament – stalk supporting anther. Gynoecium – female part (Carpels ♀️) Ovary – develops into fruit Style – connects ovary & stigma Stigma – receives pollen Types of Flowers: Complete – all 4 whorls present ✅ Incomplete – one or more whorls missing ❌ Unisexual – male or female only ⚥. Bisexual – both male & female ⚥ 📌 Diagram idea: Flower showing all 4 whorls with cute emojis 🌿🌸♂️♀️ 7️⃣ Fruit & Seed 🍎 Fruit: Mature ovary containing seeds Simple Fruit – from single ovary (Apple 🍎) Aggregate Fruit – from multiple ovaries (Strawberry 🍓) Multiple Fruit – from many flowers (Pineapple 🍍) Seed: Embryo + stored food + seed coat 🌰 Cotyledons – store food for embryo Seed coat – protects embryo 📌 Diagram idea: Cut fruit showing seed inside 🌰 8️⃣ Quick Mnemonics ✨ Roots: “Tiny Flowering Always Supports” → Taproot, Fibrous, Aerial, Storage Leaves: “My Parent Really Loves Leaves” → Monocot – Parallel, Reticulate – Dicot #Class11Biology #MorphologyOfPlants #BiologyShorts #StudyShorts #BiologyNotes #EasyBiology #StudentLife #ExamPrep