Class 12 Biology | Reproductive Health | Important Questions | Boards & NEET 2026

This video covers Class 12 Biology Chapter – Reproductive Health with important long answer questions asked in CBSE Board exams, NEET & other competitive exams. 📌 In this video you will learn: ✔ Birth control methods with examples ✔ Problems of early marriage & teenage pregnancy ✔ Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI ✔ Steps taken by Indian Government to maintain reproductive health 👉 This video is very useful for: • Class 12 CBSE Boards • NEET 2026 aspirants • Revision before exams • Concept clarity in easy language 📚 Based strictly on NCERT syllabus 📝 Exam-oriented answers 🔥 High-scoring content 📌 Watch till the end for complete understanding! 📘 DETAILED ANSWERS: Q1. Describe various birth control methods with examples? Birth control methods are the methods used to prevent unwanted pregnancy and to control population growth. Types of Birth Control Methods: 1. Natural Methods • Avoid fertilization naturally • No side effects Examples: ✔ Periodic abstinence ✔ Withdrawal (coitus interruptus) ✔ Lactational amenorrhea 2. Barrier Methods • Prevent sperm from reaching ovum Examples: ✔ Male condom ✔ Female condom ✔ Diaphragm ✔ Cervical cap Also protect from STDs 3. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) • Inserted into uterus • Prevent implantation Examples: ✔ Copper-T ✔ Lippes Loop ✔ Multiload 4. Hormonal Methods • Prevent ovulation Examples: ✔ Oral contraceptive pills ✔ Emergency pills ✔ Injectables 5. Surgical Methods (Sterilization) • Permanent method Examples: ✔ Vasectomy (male) ✔ Tubectomy (female) Q2. Explain the problems associated with early marriage and teenage pregnancy? Early marriage and teenage pregnancy lead to several health and social problems: Problems: • Incomplete physical and mental development • High risk during childbirth • Anaemia and malnutrition • Increased maternal and infant mortality • Emotional stress and depression • Lack of education and career opportunities • Social and economic burden 👉 Hence, early marriage should be avoided. Q3. What are Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)? Explain IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI. ART are medical techniques used to help infertile couples to conceive. 1. IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) • Fertilization outside the body in lab • Zygote transferred to uterus 2. ZIFT (Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer) • Zygote formed in lab • Transferred into fallopian tube 3. GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer) • Gametes (sperm + ovum) transferred into fallopian tube • Fertilization occurs inside body 4. ICSI (Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection) • Single sperm injected into ovum • Used in severe male infertility Q4. Explain the steps taken by the Indian Government to maintain reproductive health? Indian Government has taken several steps to maintain reproductive health: • Family welfare programmes • Sex education in schools • Awareness about contraception • Free contraceptives distribution • Maternal and child health care • Legal ban on early marriage • Prevention of STDs and HIV • Safe abortion services 👉 These steps help in population control and healthy society. 📌 Watch till the end for complete understanding! 👍 Like | 💬 Comment | 🔔 Subscribe for more Biology short notes & tricks