💯 Economy of Sparta: Economic Roles of the Periokoi and the Helots | Ancient History

📢 Receive Comprehensive Mathematics Practice Papers Weekly for FREE 😊 Click this link to get: ▶️▶️▶️ https://iitutor.com/email-list/ ◀️◀️◀️ The Periokoi were free inhabitants of land around Sparta. They were not Spartan citizens. They did not have the same rights of Spartan citizens. They could not marry Spartan men and women. The word periokoi means dwellers around. were mainly involved in: mining manufacture commerce. All mineral and marine resources of Laconia and Messenia were in Periokoi hands. procured the metals manufactured the weapons that kept the Spartan military operating. Ancient writers such as Pliny and Herodotus mention the periokoi as making shoes purple garments objects of wood and iron. Gytheum was the main centre for the delivery of Spartan imports and exports. Gytheum was located about 46 km from Sparta on the Laconian coast. The fisherman shipwrights naval personnel at Gytheum were periokoi. A favourite leisure activity of the Spartans was chariot racing. It was the periokoi were made or imported the chariots. Some Periokoi who were prosperous enough such as Nicocles Akreai was able to compete at Olympia. Periokoi shared in the land division, although it is not sure what percentage they were given. According to Plutarch, Lycurgus originally distributed 30,000 allotments to the periokoi. But the shadowy nature of the Lycurgan reforms makes it difficult to know whether this was a single handout or not. The helots were the enslaved population of Messenia and Laconia. They were owned by the Spartan state. Helots worked for individual Spartiates on their estates. 0:00 Introduction 0:24 The Periokoi 2:20 The Port at Gytheum 3:27 Chariot Racing 5:02 The Helots