Neuromyelitis optica
Dr Chor Ath Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder. The NMO antibody is an immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibody that specifically binds to aquaporin-4 (AQP4). AQP4 is a transmembrane channel that primarily facilitates movement of water across cell membranes in response to osmotic gradients. NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) includes patients with AQP4-IgG seropositive, seronegative, and unknown immune status. Many of these patients do not present with the characteristic imaging findings of the spinal cord or optic nerves.
